Examination of a handwritten entry addresses who physically wrote the text and the characteristics of its execution. Handwriting features arising from movement are distinguished from linguistic content and the author's style.
Subject of examination
- Handwritten entries and fragments
- Reliable comparable handwriting specimens
- Characteristics of writing, layout and conditions of execution
Sample questions for the expert
- Is the amount of handwritten text suitable for comparison?
- Were the disputed text and specimens written by the same person?
- Are there signs of altered habitual handwriting or unusual conditions?
- Which additional specimens are needed for examination?
The final questions are formulated according to the objects and circumstances of the particular task.
What to prepare
- The original disputed entry
- Reliable specimens comparable in time, alphabet and conditions
- Information about writing implements and presumed writing conditions
- Precise questions and materials relevant to the entry
How the examination is conducted
Comparison uses a system of general and individual handwriting features. Writing speed, coordination, stability and natural variations of execution are taken into account where the material is of sufficient quality.
Scope and limitations
Who physically wrote the text and who authored its verbal content are different questions. Handwriting is not used to draw arbitrary conclusions about a person's character or guilt.
What the deliverable records
The result includes an assessment of suitability, analysis of features and limitations arising from the amount of writing, copying, altered handwriting or insufficient specimens.
